In this situation, are you allowed to enter behind the traffic lights if you do not hinder pedestrian traffic?

In the photo you are approaching a pedestrian crossing on a wide city street; the traffic lights at the right-hand edge of the roadway show a red light, and a pedestrian is standing on the right by the crossing. You are not allowed to drive beyond the traffic lights, even if you would not obstruct pedestrians - a red light is an absolute ban on entry. The answer is: no.

The Regulation on road signs and signals states that a red signal shown by traffic lights S-1 means that you are not allowed to drive beyond the traffic lights, and that a vehicle stopping because of the signal should stop before the stop line, and if there is none - before the traffic lights. The ban does not depend on whether anyone is on the crossing: pedestrians have green at this time and trust that vehicles are waiting, and someone may step onto the crossing at the last moment, from behind a post or a parked car. Conditional entry "if you do not obstruct traffic" applies only to the green filter arrow on traffic lights S-2, which are not present here. You stop before the line, wait for green and move off only after checking that the crossing is empty.

Legal basis: § 95 para. 1 point 3 and § 99 para. 1 of the Regulation on road signs and signals; Art. 5 para. 1 of the Road Traffic Act (Prawo o ruchu drogowym)